| Cyanuric Acid (CA): |
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| Cyanuric Acid (CA): |
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Cyanuric Acid (CA):Cyanuric Acid (CA)>
Formula: C3H3N3O3
Appearance:white crystalline solid powder or granular,non-toxic and odorless.
Usage: Cyanuric Acid is widely used for the stabilization of available chlorine swimming pool water treatment, and also the starting compound for the synthesis of many organic derivatives.
One of its major applications is for the production of Sodium Dichloro isocyanurate Acid and Trichloroisocyanuric Acid.
Packing:The products can be packaged in plastic barrel, cardboard barrel, container bag, or other packages according to your need.
Quality Standard: Item Powder Grain
CA content(%) 98.5% 98.5%
Moisture (%) 0.5% 0.5%
PH 2.8 2.8
Burnt loss(%) 0.1% 0.1%
More information for cyanuric acid as the following:
Cyanuric acid
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Cyanuric acid
IUPAC name
1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione
Other names
1,3,5-triazinetriol, s-triazinetriol, 1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6(1 H ,3 H ,5 H )-trione, s-triazinetrione, tricarbimide, isocyanuric acid, and pseudocyanuric acid
Identifiers
CAS number
108-80-5
PubChem
7956
SMILES
[show]
ChemSpider ID
7668
Properties
Molar mass
129.074
Cyanuric acid or 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triol is a chemical compound with the formula (CNOH) 3 . Like many industrially useful chemicals, this triazine has many synonyms. This white, odorless solid finds use as a precursor or a component of bleaches , disinfectants, and herbicides. In 1997, worldwide production was 160 million kilograms.
Properties
Cyanuric acid is the cyclic trimer of the elusive species cyanic acid , HOCN. The two structures shown in the infobox readily interconvert
that is, they are tautomers . The triol tautomer, which may have aromatic character, predominates in solution. The hydroxyl (-OH) groups assume phenolic character. Deprotonation with base affords a series of cyanurate salts :
[C(O)NH] 3 [C(O)NH] 2 [C(O)N] - + H + K a = 10 −
7
[C(O)NH] 2 [C(O)N] - [C(O)NH][C(O)N] 2 2- + H + K a = 10 −
11
[C(O)NH][C(O)N] 2 2- [C(O)N] 3 3- + H + K a = 10 −
14
Synthesis
Cyanuric acid (CYA) was first synthesized by Wö
hler in 1829 by the thermal decomposition of urea and uric acid . [2] The current industrial route to CYA entails the thermal decomposition of urea, with release of ammonia. The conversion commences at approximately 175 ¡ÆC:
3 H 2 N-CO-NH 2 ¡æ [C(O)NH] 3 + 3 NH 3
CYA crystallizes from water as the dihydrate.
Cyanuric acid can be produced by hydrolysis of crude or waste melamine followed by crystallization. Acid waste streams from plants producing these materials contain cyanuric acid and on occasion, dissolved amino-substituted triazines, namely, ammeline , ammelide, and melamine. In one method, an ammonium sulfate solution is heated to the "boil" and treated with a stoichiometric amount of melamine, by which means the cyanuric acid present precipitates as melamine-cyanuric acid complex . The various waste streams containing cyanuric acid and amino-substituted triazines may be combined for disposal and during upset conditions, undissolved cyanuric acid may be present in the waste streams. [3] [4]
Intermediates and impurities
Intermediates in the dehydration include both isocyanic acid , biuret , and triuret:
H 2 N-CO-NH 2 ¡æ HNCO + NH 3
H 2 N-CO-NH 2 + HNCO ¡æ H 2 N-CO-NH-CO-NH 2
H 2 N-CO-NH-CO-NH 2 + HNCO ¡æ H 2 N-CO-NH-CO-NH-CO-NH 2
One impurity in the production of CYA is ammelide , especially as the reaction temperature exceeds 190 ¡ÆC: 3 H 2 N-CO-NH-CO-NH 2 ¡æ [C(O)] 2 (CNH 2 )(NH) 2 N + 2 NH 3 + H 2 O The first appearance of ammelamide occurs prior to 225 ¡ÆC and is suspected also to occur from decomposition of biuret but is produced at a slower rate than that of CYA.
Melamine , [C(NH 2 )N] 3 , formation occurs between 325 and 350 ¡ÆC and only in very small quantities. [5]
Applications
Precursors to chlorinated cyanurates
Cyanuric acid is mainly used as a precursor to N -chlorinated cyanurates, which are used to disinfect water. The dichloro derivative is prepared by direct chlorination:
[C(O)NH] 3 + 2 Cl 2 + 2 NaOH ¡æ [C(O)NCl] 2 [C(O)NH]
This species is typically converted to its sodium salt, sodium dichloro-s-triazinetrione . Further chlorination gives trichloroisocyanuric acid , [C(O)NCl] 3 . These N -chloro compounds serve as disinfectants and algicides for swimming pool water
Precursors to crosslinking agents
Because of their trifunctionality, CYA is a precursor to crosslinking agents, especially for polyurethane resins.
Analysis
Testing for cyanuric acid concentration is commonly done with a turbidometric test, which uses a reagent, melamine, to precipitate the cyanuric acid. The relative turbidity of the reacted sample quantifies the CYA concentration. Referenced in 1957. This test works because melamine combines with the cyanuric acid in the water to form a fine, insoluble, white precipitate that causes the water to cloud in proportion to the amount of cyanuric acid in it.
Animal feed
FDA permits a certain amount of cyanuric acid to be present in some non-protein nitrogen (NPN) additives used in animal feed and drinking water. Cyanuric acid has been used as NPN. For example, Archer Daniels Midland manufactures an NPN supplement for cattle, which contains biuret , triuret , cyanuric acid and urea . [8]
2007 Pet food recalls
Main article: 2007_pet_food_recalls#Melamine_and_cyanuric_acid_in_pet_sickness
Cyanuric acid is implied in connection to the 2007 pet food recalls , the contamination and wide recall of many brands of cat and dog foods beginning in March 2007. Research has found evidence that cyanuric acid together with melamine forms poorly soluble crystals which can cause renal failure (see Analysis section above).
Safety
Cyanuric acid is classified as "essentially nontoxic. The 50% oral median lethal dose is 7700 mg/kg in rats.
However, when cyanuric acid is administered together with melamine (which by itself is another low-toxicity substance), they may form extremely insoluble crystals leading to formation of kidney stones and potentially causing kidney failure and death -- as evidenced in dogs and cats during the 2007 pet food contamination and in children during the 2008 Chinese milk scandal cases.
|
 |
Cyanuric Acid (CA):Cyanuric Acid (CA)>
Formula: C3H3N3O3
Appearance:white crystalline solid powder or granular,non-toxic and odorless.
Usage: Cyanuric Acid is widely used for the stabilization of available chlorine swimming pool water treatment, and also the starting compound for the synthesis of many organic derivatives.
One of its major applications is for the production of Sodium Dichloro isocyanurate Acid and Trichloroisocyanuric Acid.
Packing:The products can be packaged in plastic barrel, cardboard barrel, container bag, or other packages according to your need.
Quality Standard: Item Powder Grain
CA content(%) 98.5% 98.5%
Moisture (%) 0.5% 0.5%
PH 2.8 2.8
Burnt loss(%) 0.1% 0.1%
More information for cyanuric acid as the following:
Cyanuric acid
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Cyanuric acid
IUPAC name
1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione
Other names
1,3,5-triazinetriol, s-triazinetriol, 1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6(1 H ,3 H ,5 H )-trione, s-triazinetrione, tricarbimide, isocyanuric acid, and pseudocyanuric acid
Identifiers
CAS number
108-80-5
PubChem
7956
SMILES
[show]
ChemSpider ID
7668
Properties
Molar mass
129.074
Cyanuric acid or 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triol is a chemical compound with the formula (CNOH) 3 . Like many industrially useful chemicals, this triazine has many synonyms. This white, odorless solid finds use as a precursor or a component of bleaches , disinfectants, and herbicides. In 1997, worldwide production was 160 million kilograms.
Properties
Cyanuric acid is the cyclic trimer of the elusive species cyanic acid , HOCN. The two structures shown in the infobox readily interconvert
that is, they are tautomers . The triol tautomer, which may have aromatic character, predominates in solution. The hydroxyl (-OH) groups assume phenolic character. Deprotonation with base affords a series of cyanurate salts :
[C(O)NH] 3 [C(O)NH] 2 [C(O)N] - + H + K a = 10 −
7
[C(O)NH] 2 [C(O)N] - [C(O)NH][C(O)N] 2 2- + H + K a = 10 −
11
[C(O)NH][C(O)N] 2 2- [C(O)N] 3 3- + H + K a = 10 −
14
Synthesis
Cyanuric acid (CYA) was first synthesized by Wö
hler in 1829 by the thermal decomposition of urea and uric acid . [2] The current industrial route to CYA entails the thermal decomposition of urea, with release of ammonia. The conversion commences at approximately 175 ¡ÆC:
3 H 2 N-CO-NH 2 ¡æ [C(O)NH] 3 + 3 NH 3
CYA crystallizes from water as the dihydrate.
Cyanuric acid can be produced by hydrolysis of crude or waste melamine followed by crystallization. Acid waste streams from plants producing these materials contain cyanuric acid and on occasion, dissolved amino-substituted triazines, namely, ammeline , ammelide, and melamine. In one method, an ammonium sulfate solution is heated to the "boil" and treated with a stoichiometric amount of melamine, by which means the cyanuric acid present precipitates as melamine-cyanuric acid complex . The various waste streams containing cyanuric acid and amino-substituted triazines may be combined for disposal and during upset conditions, undissolved cyanuric acid may be present in the waste streams. [3] [4]
Intermediates and impurities
Intermediates in the dehydration include both isocyanic acid , biuret , and triuret:
H 2 N-CO-NH 2 ¡æ HNCO + NH 3
H 2 N-CO-NH 2 + HNCO ¡æ H 2 N-CO-NH-CO-NH 2
H 2 N-CO-NH-CO-NH 2 + HNCO ¡æ H 2 N-CO-NH-CO-NH-CO-NH 2
One impurity in the production of CYA is ammelide , especially as the reaction temperature exceeds 190 ¡ÆC: 3 H 2 N-CO-NH-CO-NH 2 ¡æ [C(O)] 2 (CNH 2 )(NH) 2 N + 2 NH 3 + H 2 O The first appearance of ammelamide occurs prior to 225 ¡ÆC and is suspected also to occur from decomposition of biuret but is produced at a slower rate than that of CYA.
Melamine , [C(NH 2 )N] 3 , formation occurs between 325 and 350 ¡ÆC and only in very small quantities. [5]
Applications
Precursors to chlorinated cyanurates
Cyanuric acid is mainly used as a precursor to N -chlorinated cyanurates, which are used to disinfect water. The dichloro derivative is prepared by direct chlorination:
[C(O)NH] 3 + 2 Cl 2 + 2 NaOH ¡æ [C(O)NCl] 2 [C(O)NH]
This species is typically converted to its sodium salt, sodium dichloro-s-triazinetrione . Further chlorination gives trichloroisocyanuric acid , [C(O)NCl] 3 . These N -chloro compounds serve as disinfectants and algicides for swimming pool water
Precursors to crosslinking agents
Because of their trifunctionality, CYA is a precursor to crosslinking agents, especially for polyurethane resins.
Analysis
Testing for cyanuric acid concentration is commonly done with a turbidometric test, which uses a reagent, melamine, to precipitate the cyanuric acid. The relative turbidity of the reacted sample quantifies the CYA concentration. Referenced in 1957. This test works because melamine combines with the cyanuric acid in the water to form a fine, insoluble, white precipitate that causes the water to cloud in proportion to the amount of cyanuric acid in it.
Animal feed
FDA permits a certain amount of cyanuric acid to be present in some non-protein nitrogen (NPN) additives used in animal feed and drinking water. Cyanuric acid has been used as NPN. For example, Archer Daniels Midland manufactures an NPN supplement for cattle, which contains biuret , triuret , cyanuric acid and urea . [8]
2007 Pet food recalls
Main article: 2007_pet_food_recalls#Melamine_and_cyanuric_acid_in_pet_sickness
Cyanuric acid is implied in connection to the 2007 pet food recalls , the contamination and wide recall of many brands of cat and dog foods beginning in March 2007. Research has found evidence that cyanuric acid together with melamine forms poorly soluble crystals which can cause renal failure (see Analysis section above).
Safety
Cyanuric acid is classified as "essentially nontoxic. The 50% oral median lethal dose is 7700 mg/kg in rats.
However, when cyanuric acid is administered together with melamine (which by itself is another low-toxicity substance), they may form extremely insoluble crystals leading to formation of kidney stones and potentially causing kidney failure and death -- as evidenced in dogs and cats during the 2007 pet food contamination and in children during the 2008 Chinese milk scandal cases.
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